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There is a helper class called SafeHandle that allows you to benefit from all the reliability features discussed so far. SafeHandle is an abstract class that can be used to write a wrapper class. The following code shows how you can modify the XYZHandle class from the previous examples: // ManagedWrapper4.cpp // build with "CL /LD /clr ManagedWrapper4.cpp"

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For example, in order to let the database read and write files on behalf of user salapati in the new directory object dpump_dir1, you need to grant the following privileges: SQL> GRANT READ, WRITE ON DIRECTORY dpump_dir1 TO salapati Grant succeeded SQL> This command will permit the Oracle database to read and write files in the dpump_dir1 directory object on behalf the user, but won t give the user any direct privileges on that directory You ll need the write privilege on all files for a Data Pump Export job During an import, you ll need read access to the export dump file You ll also need write privileges on the directory for an import job, so that you can write to the log file.

I then set up the following cron job to run temporarily for illustrative purposes:

Here s what happens when you are given the read/write privileges on a directory object: You can read/write files mapped to that directory object only through Oracle The Oracle database must have privileges to read/write files in that directory..

Once you create a directory and grant the necessary rights, all Data Pump Export and Import jobs can use the DIRECTORY parameter (described shortly) to specify the name of the directory object (DIRECTORY=dpump_dir1). This way, the DIRECTORY parameter will indirectly point to the actual operating system directories and files. Here s an example: $ expdp salapati/password DIRECTORY=dpump_dir1 dumpfile=testexp01.dmp

If a user tries to use the expdp or impdp utility without a DBA creating and granting privileges on a directory beforehand, that user will get an error, which means that Oracle isn t able to find a directory object and, hence, can t start the Data Pump job, as shown in the following example: [finance] $ expdp samalapati/sammyy1 Export: Release 10200 Beta on Sunday, 13 March, 2005 15:49:48 Copyright (c) 2003, Oracle All rights reserved Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 102000 - Beta With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options ORA-39002: invalid operation ORA-39070: Unable to open the log file.

ORA- 39145: directory object parameter must be specified and non-null oracle@finance [/u01/app/oracle] [finance] $ In order for the Data Pump utilities to know where to place or get data for their export and import jobs, you need to specify location information when you use the expdp and impdp clients As you know by now, you can t use absolute directory path location for Data Pump jobs; you must always use a directory object However, you can specify this directory object name during an actual job in several ways: DIRECTORY parameter: During a Data Pump Export job, you can specify the directory object by using the DIRECTORY parameter: $ expdp hr/hr DIRECTORY=dpump_dir1 DIRECTORY:FILE notation: Instead of using the DIRECTORY parameter, you can specify the directory object s name as part of the value for a specific Data Pump file (the dump file, log file, or SQL file).

After the job ran and created the env.out file, I found the following lines in it:

Use a colon (:) to separate the directory and the individual filenames in the file specification In the following example, dpump_dir2 is the name of the directory object, and the Data Pump filename is salapatilog: $ expdp LOGFILE=dpump_dir2:salapatilog DATA_DUMP_DIR environment variable: You can also use the environment variable DATA_DUMP_DIR to point to the directory object on the server In order to use the DATA_DUMP_DIR environment, you must have first created a specific directory object on the server For example, you could first create a new directory object on the server with the variable DATA_DUMP_DIR, and then use the export command to save the value of the DATA_DUMP_DIR variable in the operating system environment.

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